Alzbiomarker AD vs CTRL

This interactive resource organizes decades of data on biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. Biomarker measurements from the cerebrospinal fluid and blood are curated from the primary literature and meta-analyzed. The database was developed in collaboration with Henrik Zetterberg and colleagues at the University of Gothenburg and the meta-analysis results of the Version 1.0 dataset have been published (Olsson et al., 2016). We welcome your feedback and invite you to contact us at alzbiomarker@alzforum.org.

See below for links to each meta-analysis along with key statistics, such as p value and effect size -- a ratio of the mean biomarker concentration of one cohort over another (e.g. AD/control). View this page on a desktop, laptop, or tablet for a colorful, interactive graph of the results, plotted by effect size and z score.

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Meta-Analyses

The graph, and the table below it, show key results from all meta-analyses. As the overall result, the effect size—a ratio of the mean biomarker concentration of one condition over another (e.g. AD/control)—is plotted against the z score, a statistic indicating how far away the observed ratio is from the null hypothesis of no difference. For example, a z score of 1.96 means that the observed ratio is 1.96 times larger than the standard error; it is equivalent to p=0.05. A z score of 3.89 is equivalent to p=0.0001. Customize the plot by selecting group comparisons and/or biomarkers. The size of each circle reflects the total number of subjects in the meta-analysis. Mouse over the circle to learn more. In the table, click the arrowheads to sort each data column.

Meta-Analysis	Effect Size	z score \| p value	Number of Comparisons	Number of Subjects
AD vs CTRL: albumin ratio (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.109	z score \| p value: z = 3.07 \| p = 0.00211	Number of Comparisons: 26	Number of Subjects: AD N=2149, CTRL N=1262
AD vs CTRL: Aβ38 (CSF)	Effect Size: 0.921	z score \| p value: z = 2.12 \| p = 0.03363	Number of Comparisons: 17	Number of Subjects: AD N=887, CTRL N=827
AD vs CTRL: Aβ40 (CSF)	Effect Size: 0.913	z score \| p value: z = 4.07 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 51	Number of Subjects: AD N=2438, CTRL N=2011
AD vs CTRL: Aβ40 (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 1.044	z score \| p value: z = 1.44 \| p = 0.15097	Number of Comparisons: 48	Number of Subjects: AD N=3806, CTRL N=5483
AD vs CTRL: Aβ42 (CSF)	Effect Size: 0.552	z score \| p value: z = 35.05 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 210	Number of Subjects: AD N=14236, CTRL N=10708
AD vs CTRL: Aβ42 (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 1.049	z score \| p value: z = 2.17 \| p = 0.02998	Number of Comparisons: 53	Number of Subjects: AD N=4197, CTRL N=6020
AD vs CTRL: GFAP (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.502	z score \| p value: z = 1.92 \| p = 0.05530	Number of Comparisons: 5	Number of Subjects: AD N=140, CTRL N=128
AD vs CTRL: GFAP (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 1.928	z score \| p value: z = 12.24 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 7	Number of Subjects: AD N=738, CTRL N=1123
AD vs CTRL: hFABP (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.437	z score \| p value: z = 6.89 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 7	Number of Subjects: AD N=361, CTRL N=374
AD vs CTRL: hFABP (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 1.054	z score \| p value: z = 0.86 \| p = 0.38915	Number of Comparisons: 3	Number of Subjects: AD N=134, CTRL N=139
AD vs CTRL: MCP-1 (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.091	z score \| p value: z = 3.12 \| p = 0.00181	Number of Comparisons: 11	Number of Subjects: AD N=460, CTRL N=723
AD vs CTRL: MCP-1 (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 1.040	z score \| p value: z = 0.82 \| p = 0.41128	Number of Comparisons: 8	Number of Subjects: AD N=1112, CTRL N=723
AD vs CTRL: neurogranin (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.609	z score \| p value: z = 7.9 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 22	Number of Subjects: AD N=1595, CTRL N=1389
AD vs CTRL: neurogranin (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 0.714	z score \| p value: z = 1.14 \| p = 0.25272	Number of Comparisons: 2	Number of Subjects: AD N=45, CTRL N=49
AD vs CTRL: NFL (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.983	z score \| p value: z = 14.54 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 30	Number of Subjects: AD N=1693, CTRL N=1950
AD vs CTRL: NFL (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 1.854	z score \| p value: z = 11.33 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 15	Number of Subjects: AD N=1053, CTRL N=1526
AD vs CTRL: NSE (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.464	z score \| p value: z = 2.87 \| p = 0.00416	Number of Comparisons: 9	Number of Subjects: AD N=293, CTRL N=211
AD vs CTRL: NSE (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 0.999	z score \| p value: z = 0.01 \| p = 0.99192	Number of Comparisons: 3	Number of Subjects: AD N=102, CTRL N=97
AD vs CTRL: sAPPα (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.035	z score \| p value: z = 0.78 \| p = 0.43779	Number of Comparisons: 14	Number of Subjects: AD N=806, CTRL N=559
AD vs CTRL: sAPPα (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 1.501	z score \| p value: z = 1.58 \| p = 0.11352	Number of Comparisons: 2	Number of Subjects: AD N=132, CTRL N=151
AD vs CTRL: sAPPβ (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.013	z score \| p value: z = 0.48 \| p = 0.62907	Number of Comparisons: 17	Number of Subjects: AD N=1031, CTRL N=740
AD vs CTRL: sAPPβ (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 0.700	z score \| p value: z = 1.04 \| p = 0.30006	Number of Comparisons: 3	Number of Subjects: AD N=176, CTRL N=178
AD vs CTRL: sTREM2 (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.314	z score \| p value: z = 6.37 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 12	Number of Subjects: AD N=714, CTRL N=686
AD vs CTRL: tau-p181 (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.867	z score \| p value: z = 29.08 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 153	Number of Subjects: AD N=10861, CTRL N=8808
AD vs CTRL: tau-p181 (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 1.799	z score \| p value: z = 7.94 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 19	Number of Subjects: AD N=1175, CTRL N=1744
AD vs CTRL: tau-p217 (CSF)	Effect Size: 10.988	z score \| p value: z = 11.17 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 2	Number of Subjects: AD N=164, CTRL N=249
AD vs CTRL: tau-p217 (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 3.876	z score \| p value: z = 1.74 \| p = 0.08162	Number of Comparisons: 2	Number of Subjects: AD N=252, CTRL N=393
AD vs CTRL: tau-p231 (CSF)	Effect Size: 5.893	z score \| p value: z = 4.67 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 5	Number of Subjects: AD N=259, CTRL N=111
AD vs CTRL: tau-total (CSF)	Effect Size: 2.477	z score \| p value: z = 40.4 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 238	Number of Subjects: AD N=15876, CTRL N=11596
AD vs CTRL: tau-total (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 1.398	z score \| p value: z = 5.84 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 37	Number of Subjects: AD N=2745, CTRL N=4168
AD vs CTRL: VLP-1 (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.546	z score \| p value: z = 5.23 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 7	Number of Subjects: AD N=353, CTRL N=385
AD vs CTRL: YKL-40 (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.362	z score \| p value: z = 7.66 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 34	Number of Subjects: AD N=1781, CTRL N=2072
AD vs CTRL: YKL-40 (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 2.205	z score \| p value: z = 2.38 \| p = 0.01721	Number of Comparisons: 5	Number of Subjects: AD N=371, CTRL N=685
AD vs CTRL: α-synuclein (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.183	z score \| p value: z = 3.55 \| p = 0.00038	Number of Comparisons: 24	Number of Subjects: AD N=1237, CTRL N=1140
AD vs CTRL: α-synuclein (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 0.909	z score \| p value: z = 0.98 \| p = 0.32567	Number of Comparisons: 3	Number of Subjects: AD N=109, CTRL N=78
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: albumin ratio (CSF/Blood)	Effect Size: 1.056	z score \| p value: z = 0.95 \| p = 0.34338	Number of Comparisons: 2	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=96, MCI-Stable N=142
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: Aβ38 (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.127	z score \| p value: z = 2.58 \| p = 0.01000	Number of Comparisons: 2	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=87, MCI-Stable N=144
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: Aβ40 (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.000	z score \| p value: z = 0.02 \| p = 0.98641	Number of Comparisons: 8	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=337, MCI-Stable N=461
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: Aβ40 (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 1.018	z score \| p value: z = 0.5 \| p = 0.61737	Number of Comparisons: 5	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=371, MCI-Stable N=557
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: Aβ42 (CSF)	Effect Size: 0.672	z score \| p value: z = 15.58 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 28	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=979, MCI-Stable N=1476
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: Aβ42 (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 0.952	z score \| p value: z = 0.27 \| p = 0.78533	Number of Comparisons: 5	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=371, MCI-Stable N=557
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: neurogranin (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.542	z score \| p value: z = 2.97 \| p = 0.00299	Number of Comparisons: 4	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=190, MCI-Stable N=170
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: sAPPα (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.091	z score \| p value: z = 1.3 \| p = 0.19510	Number of Comparisons: 3	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=118, MCI-Stable N=169
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: sAPPβ (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.055	z score \| p value: z = 0.55 \| p = 0.58568	Number of Comparisons: 3	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=118, MCI-Stable N=169
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: tau-p181 (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.566	z score \| p value: z = 10.97 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 22	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=800, MCI-Stable N=1242
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: tau-total (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.754	z score \| p value: z = 18.74 \| p <0.0001	Number of Comparisons: 28	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=951, MCI-Stable N=1462
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: tau-total (Plasma and Serum)	Effect Size: 1.364	z score \| p value: z = 2.42 \| p = 0.01547	Number of Comparisons: 3	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=90, MCI-Stable N=243
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: VLP-1 (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.397	z score \| p value: z = 2.32 \| p = 0.02008	Number of Comparisons: 2	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=83, MCI-Stable N=41
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: YKL-40 (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.125	z score \| p value: z = 1.75 \| p = 0.07985	Number of Comparisons: 5	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=226, MCI-Stable N=266
MCI-AD vs MCI-Stable: α-synuclein (CSF)	Effect Size: 1.340	z score \| p value: z = 1.9 \| p = 0.05789	Number of Comparisons: 3	Number of Subjects: MCI-AD N=84, MCI-Stable N=75

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