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Kuopio Hydrocephalus Shunt Biopsy Protocol

In the Finnish city of Kuopio, neurosurgeons collaborate with neurophysiologists and molecular and cellular biologists to make frontal cortex, dura, intraventricular CSF, skin, fat, and other tissue from hydrocephalus patients available for research purposes. Being in their 60s to 80s, half of these patients have preclinical ADRD pathology; some carry ADRD gene variants. The Kuopio biopsy sampling protocol improves patient care and fuels research studies in Europe and the U.S.