Overview

Clinical Phenotype: Alzheimer's Disease
Position: (GRCh38/hg38):Chr11:121558728 A>G
Position: (GRCh37/hg19):Chr11:121429437 A>G
dbSNP ID: rs1213669903
Coding/Non-Coding: Coding
DNA Change: Substitution
Expected Protein Consequence: Missense
Codon Change: TAC to TGC
Reference Isoform: SORL1 Isoform 1 (2214 aa)
Genomic Region: Exon 20

Findings

The Y934C variant was found in one of 1383 Alzheimer’s cases from the Centre National de Référence - Malades Alzheimer Jeunes (CNR-MAJ), the French national reference center for young Alzheimer patients (Rovelet-Lecrux et al., 2021).

In a study that included 15,808 Alzheimer’s cases and 16,097 control subjects from multiple European and American cohorts, including CNR-MAJ, this allele was observed once among the AD cases (Holstege et al., 2022).

Functional Consequences

Tyrosine-934 is a conserved residue within the YWTD-repeated β-propeller and may be critical for maintaining the rigidity of the propeller (Andersen et al., 2023). Based on domain mapping of disease mutations, Andersen and colleagues predicted that mutations of tyrosine-934 are highly likely to increase the risk of Alzheimer’s disease—variants in homologous positions in LDLR and LRP2 are linked to familial hypercholesterolemia and Donnai-Barrow syndrome, respectively, while mutations in LRP5 were found to be linked to osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome and exudative vitreoretinopathy 4 .

The Y934C variant impaired maturation (glycosylation) and trafficking to the plasma membrane of SORL1 overexpressed in HEK293 cells (Rovelet-Lecrux et al., 2021).

This variant was predicted to be damaging by SIFT, Mutation Taster, and PolyPhen-2 (Rovelet-Lecrux et al., 2021).

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References

Paper Citations

1. Rovelet-Lecrux A, Feuillette S, Miguel L, Schramm C, Pernet S, Quenez O, Ségalas-Milazzo I, Guilhaudis L, Rousseau S, Riou G, Frébourg T, Campion D, Nicolas G, Lecourtois M. Impaired SorLA maturation and trafficking as a new mechanism for SORL1 missense variants in Alzheimer disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2021 Dec 18;9(1):196. PubMed.
2. Holstege H, Hulsman M, Charbonnier C, Grenier-Boley B, Quenez O, Grozeva D, van Rooij JG, Sims R, Ahmad S, Amin N, Norsworthy PJ, Dols-Icardo O, Hummerich H, Kawalia A, Amouyel P, Beecham GW, Berr C, Bis JC, Boland A, Bossù P, Bouwman F, Bras J, Campion D, Cochran JN, Daniele A, Dartigues JF, Debette S, Deleuze JF, Denning N, DeStefano AL, Farrer LA, Fernández MV, Fox NC, Galimberti D, Genin E, Gille JJ, Le Guen Y, Guerreiro R, Haines JL, Holmes C, Ikram MA, Ikram MK, Jansen IE, Kraaij R, Lathrop M, Lemstra AW, Lleó A, Luckcuck L, Mannens MM, Marshall R, Martin ER, Masullo C, Mayeux R, Mecocci P, Meggy A, Mol MO, Morgan K, Myers RM, Nacmias B, Naj AC, Napolioni V, Pasquier F, Pastor P, Pericak-Vance MA, Raybould R, Redon R, Reinders MJ, Richard AC, Riedel-Heller SG, Rivadeneira F, Rousseau S, Ryan NS, Saad S, Sanchez-Juan P, Schellenberg GD, Scheltens P, Schott JM, Seripa D, Seshadri S, Sie D, Sistermans EA, Sorbi S, van Spaendonk R, Spalletta G, Tesi N, Tijms B, Uitterlinden AG, van der Lee SJ, Visser PJ, Wagner M, Wallon D, Wang LS, Zarea A, Clarimon J, van Swieten JC, Greicius MD, Yokoyama JS, Cruchaga C, Hardy J, Ramirez A, Mead S, van der Flier WM, van Duijn CM, Williams J, Nicolas G, Bellenguez C, Lambert JC. Exome sequencing identifies rare damaging variants in ATP8B4 and ABCA1 as risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet. 2022 Dec;54(12):1786-1794. Epub 2022 Nov 21 PubMed.
3. Andersen OM, Monti G, Jensen AM, deWaal M, Hulsman M, Olsen JG, Holstege H. Relying on the relationship with known disease-causing variants in homologous proteins to predict pathogenicity of SORL1 variants in Alzheimer's disease. 2023 Feb 27 10.1101/2023.02.27.524103 (version 1) bioRxiv.

Further Reading

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