Can Muscle Macrophages Coax Spinal Cord Microglia to Protect Neurons?
In a mouse model of ALS, removing mutant SOD1 from peripheral myeloid cells relieved neuroinflammation and extended lifespan.
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The Microbiome and Disease—What Does Poop Have to Do With It?
Simple lifestyle factors such as alcohol consumption and stool quality alter gut flora. Research on the microbiome and disease should account for those factors, a study reports.
α-Synuclein Spurs Neuroinflammation Via Microglial LRRK2
The transcription factor NFATc2 mediates this response.
Alzheimer's Risk Genes Nip at Hippocampus Throughout Life
ApoE4 does so much more strongly than the other known genes collected in a polygenic risk score.
Epigenomic Roadmap Points to Causal Genes
By looking for SNPs that affect how transcription factors bind DNA, researchers nominated causal genes for 30 Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s GWAS hits.
In Astrocytes, ApoE4 Bungles Endocytosis, PICALM Picks Up the Slack
The first steps of endocytosis faltered in astrocytes expressing ApoE4, but pumping in PICALM reversed the problem. A new study places two Alzheimer’s risk factors into the same cellular mechanism.
New Rodent Knock-Ins Carry Humanized Wild-Type APP
Three amino acid substitutions in the Aβ sequence accelerate BACE cleavage of APP and ramp up Aβ production in rats and mice. The mice can serve as better controls for mutant APP knock-ins already in use.
Clocking In: Timestamped RNA Charts Transcriptional History
Researchers have devised a way to measure how long ago a reporter transcript was made. It allows them to detect distinct transcriptional events within a cell.
Better than Crystal Clear? Cryo-EM Achieves Atomic Resolution
Armed with snazzy new hardware, scientists solve protein structures to a resolution of 1.22Å. Cryo-EM now rivals X-ray crystallography.
Largest Alzheimer GWAS in African Americans Finds New Variants
Most pathways that emerged were common between African Americans and non-Hispanic whites, though some individual variants differed. Kidney development jumped out as a possibly unique aspect of AD in African Americans.
Do Endothelial Cells Spur Capillaries to Grow in Alzheimer’s Brain?
A new single-nucleus RNA-Seq study of 3,900 endothelial cells finds a boost in angiogenesis and antigen presentation genes, drawing attention to the vascular component of AD.
Blunt Instruments: α-Synuclein Antibodies Poorly Distinguish Forms
A survey of 16 purported conformation-specific antibodies found that most bound nearly equally well to oligomers and fibrils, and weakly to monomers.
No Skin Off Your Nose: New Way to Diagnosing Parkinson’s?
Two papers report that skin samples from people with Parkinson’s disease contain α-synuclein seeds that can be robustly amplified, paving the way for a reliable test for the disease.
Curbing Fatty Acids Means No Parkinson’s—If You Are a Mouse
Reducing levels of monounsaturated fatty acids lowered α-synuclein toxicity and prevented movement symptoms in mice. Scientists say the data boost the α-synuclein tetramer hypothesis.
Single-nucleus RNA Sequencing Misses Activation of Human Microglia
Technical limitations may have misrepresented the transcriptional state of these cells, obscuring detection of their activation signature in frozen postmortem tissue from Alzheimer’s brain.
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