Update on SORL1: Trafficking is Paramount, in Neurons and Microglia
Recent genetic and mechanistic studies on SORL1 place the endolysosomal system, in both neurons and microglia, front and center in the pathogenesis of AD.
Recent genetic and mechanistic studies on SORL1 place the endolysosomal system, in both neurons and microglia, front and center in the pathogenesis of AD.
In models of amyloidosis and tauopathy, the noble gas curbed inflammation and made microglia more phagocytic, resulting in fewer aggregates and healthier neurons.
Survey of post-translationally modified and noncoding RNA identified more than 25,000 differences between AD and control brain.
In AD brain, cells ramp up expression of herpes virus proteins. In cultured neurons, these proteins boost p-tau, which then suppresses viral proteins.
In mice, eliminating the NPC1 gene from microglia recapitulated aspects of the lysosomal storage disorder.
In lab animals, lithocholic acid replicates life-extending benefits of caloric restriction.
Dennis Selkoe offers a closing response.
In postmortem tissue, nearly half of AD patients had HCMV infections in the brain and gut. In cerebral organoids, HCMV triggered accumulation of Aβ and p-tau212.
Mutations that slow SORL1 trafficking through the cell associate with AD, and recent work helps unveil the mechanisms involved. In neurons, SORL1 deficiency hobbles endosomal network, compromising recycling of proteins such as APP and synaptic receptors. In microglia, lysosomes suffer the consequences, accumulating undigested contents as crucial proteases get trapped in the trans-Golgi network. Check out Alzforum’s update to learn more about the latest science on this massive sorting receptor.
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