Antibodies used in this study were: monoclonal antibody 22C11, (Chemicon International); ELISA monoclonal antibodies BA27 (Ab1-40 terminal site), BC05 (Ab42 terminal site), BNT77 (Ab11-28 and Ab11-16) (Takeda Chemical Industries); monoclonal antibody 6E10 (Ab1-17) (Senetek PLC); rabbit polyclonal UT-18; rabbit polyclonal G530 (rat Ab1-16); and rabbit polyclonal antibodies that recognize phospho-independent PKCa, PKCd, PKCe, and PKCg (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.).