Mutations

PSEN2 K306fs

Overview

Pathogenicity: Alzheimer's Disease : Not Classified
ACMG/AMP Pathogenicity Criteria: PM2
Clinical Phenotype: Alzheimer's Disease
Reference Assembly: GRCh37/hg19
Position: Chr1:227079009 A>-
dbSNP ID: NA
Coding/Non-Coding: Coding
DNA Change: Deletion
Expected RNA Consequence: Deletion
Expected Protein Consequence: Frame Shift
Codon Change: AAG.CTG to AGC.TGG
Reference Isoform: PSEN2 Isoform 1 (448 aa)
Genomic Region: Exon 10

Findings

This mutation, involving the deletion of a single nucleotide (A) in exon 9, was identified in a Moroccan individual with memory impairment beginning at age 55. He later developed aphasia. The patient's pedigree indicates two affected siblings, but clinical details were not available and segregation with disease could not be assessed (El Kadmiri et al., 2014).

This mutation is absent from the gnomAD variant database (v2.1.1, Nov 2021).

Neuropathology

Unknown. Neuroimaging showed cortical atrophy. 

Biological Effect

Unknown. The deletion of a single nucleotide (A) in exon 9 is predicted to result in a frameshift at codon 306.

Pathogenicity

Alzheimer's Disease : Not Classified*

*This variant fulfilled some ACMG-AMP criteria, but it was not classified by Alzforum, because data for either a pathogenic or benign classification are lacking: only one affected carrier has been reported without co-segregation data, and the variant is absent—or very rare—in the gnomAD database.

This variant fulfilled the following criteria based on the ACMG/AMP guidelines. See a full list of the criteria in the Methods page.

PM2-M

Absent from controls (or at extremely low frequency if recessive) in Exome Sequencing Project, 1000 Genomes Project, or Exome Aggregation Consortium. *Alzforum uses the gnomAD variant database.

Pathogenic (PS, PM, PP) Benign (BA, BS, BP)
Criteria Weighting Strong (-S) Moderate (-M) Supporting (-P) Supporting (-P) Strong (-S) Strongest (BA)

Last Updated: 22 Feb 2022

Comments

  1. I must admit to being somewhat skeptical about the results presented in this paper and in a sister paper on novel mutations in APP. It seems remarkable (and highly improbable) that the researchers would discover numerous novel frameshift familial AD (FAD) mutations truncating the open reading frames of PSEN1 and PSEN2 among a small number of families when the only such mutation that I know of previously published is K115Efx10 in PSEN2 (Jayadev et al., 2010) among the 180-plus FAD mutations known in these two genes (the rest of which preserve the genes' open reading frames). The sequence data presented is not especially convincing.

    References:

    . Alzheimer's disease phenotypes and genotypes associated with mutations in presenilin 2. Brain. 2010 Apr;133(Pt 4):1143-54. PubMed.

    View all comments by Michael Lardelli
  2. We have concerns about the validity of the frameshift mutations in PSEN1 and PSEN2 reported here. Beyond the fact that there is no genetic evidence in the literature that PSEN1 or PSEN2 haploinsufficiency causes Alzheimer’s disease, we are not convinced by the DNA sequencing electropherogram images in Figures 1 and 2. From a technical point of view, a weak signal and/or background noise may lead to the false detection of single base pair insertions or deletions. Hence, the existence of the mutations in these patients appears to be uncertain. Likewise, we have similar concerns about a related paper reporting frameshift mutations in APP (El Kadmiri et al., 2014).

    References:

    . Novel mutations in the amyloid precursor protein gene within Moroccan patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Mol Neurosci. 2014 Jun;53(2):189-95. Epub 2014 Mar 14 PubMed.

    View all comments by Anne Rovelet-Lecrux

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References

Paper Citations

  1. . Novel presenilin mutations within Moroccan patients with Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. Neuroscience. 2014 Jun 6;269:215-22. Epub 2014 Apr 4 PubMed.

Further Reading

No Available Further Reading

Protein Diagram

Primary Papers

  1. . Novel presenilin mutations within Moroccan patients with Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. Neuroscience. 2014 Jun 6;269:215-22. Epub 2014 Apr 4 PubMed.

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